Go Back
Communicating for Change

Document Body Page Navigation Panel

Pages 1--14


Page 1 2
CHANGE Radio script 20
Volume II No. 5 April 1999
News
Ghana Targets the Tourism Industry 53secs. Ghana's national tourism development plan yields results.

More Illiterates in the World Today 1min. 37secs. Nearly one billion people will enter the new millennium
unable to read or write.
Exploding the Myths about Ageing 2mins. 42secs. The World Health Day 1999 celebrates active ageing

with global awareness campaigns and policy initiatives.
Rhino Populations are on the Increase 52secs. WWF Rhino Conservation programme is proving successful

as the populations of the endangered Black and White rhinos increase.
Features
Israeli Beekeepers Urge Nigerians to Keep Bees. 3mins. 6secs. Visiting Israeli beekeepers find great potential in Nigeria

for producing honey.
Danger: A World Water War Looming 3mins. 7secs. Nations may fight over water in the future unless

something is done urgently to manage what is
left in a sustainable manner.
New Research Initiative against Malaria. 1min. 38secs. Wellcome Trust invests over US$ 700,000 to combat

malaria disease in Africa.
Commonwealth Helps Uganda Uplift Women. 2mins. 46secs. Uganda is the best place to be for gender issues today.

Special Features
Historical Quotations on Conservation and Development… The Code of Hammurabi. 26secs.

…Albert Einstein. 15mins.
…Anonymous. 6secs. …Charles Lindbergh 6secs.

…A Malagasy Proverb 3secs. …Mencius, a Disciple of Confucius 49secs.

Useful Quickfacts
Free Money from Mother Nature 18secs. Some farmers have it easy in Israel

The Sting of Life. 56secs. Find out why beekeepers believe that they
live longer than other people do.
1900s: The Century of Galloping Consumption. 19secs. Will the 1900s be remembered as the age of

uncontrolled use of earth's resources? 1
1 Page 2 3
Freshwater Pollution. 21secs. America is blessed with the largest freshwater resource,
but dumps huge amounts of waste in it.
An Ageless Problem. 15secs. The ancient Egyptians can teach us, their descendants,

a couple of things about water management.
Everybody Lives Downstream 11secs. Water makes us neighbours.

"Population Ageing." 32secs. Women are having fewer children
as the life span of people increases.
Malnutrition. 6secs. One in every five persons is malnourished.

Alcohol Abuse. 15secs. Advanced countries can't seem to control
alcoholism in their societies.
Children's Section
The Gardeners of the Ant World. 2mins. 48secs. Some types of ants grow their own food, just like human beings do.

How Hare Made Life Safer For Animals 3mins. 23secs. Brave little Hare saves the animal kingdom from
the terror of a silent hunter.
Do You Know Any Plant That Feeds on Living Things? 2mins. 14secs. Learn about plants that catch and eat animals.

Women's Issues
Quotations from Nigerian Women on the Move

Support for a Female Councillor. 42secs. Self-Interest, not Gender, Matters. 13secs.
The Grain Seller's Choice for President. 15secs. A Vote for Democracy in the Home. 54secs.
2
2 Page 3 4
News
Ghana Targets the Tourism Industry 53secs. A programme started in the 1990s to boost its tourism in Ghanaian has proved successful,

and spurred them to set new targets. The programme aimed to increase the number of visitors to Ghana to 370,000 by 1995. According to the Ministry of Tourism, 300,000
tourists visited Ghana in 1996, generating a revenue of about =N= 23,000,000,000 (23 billion naira). This target was achieved through aggressive marketing and stability in
government, the report said.
Encouraged by the result, the ministry has embarked on a 15-year national tourism development plan. Details of this plan are not yet available, but it would involve other
sectors of the Ghanaian economy to encourage quick and comfortable tourist visits to Ghana.
Newslink Africa.
More Illiterates in the World Today 1min. 37secs. One in every six people in the world would enter the new millennium unable to read a
book or even sign their name, according to a recent report by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).

In its annual survey, "State of the World's Children 1999", UNICEF said that the growing number of illiterates are mostly women. They not only lack the basic knowledge
to operate a computer, but are also unable to understand a simple application form. This is so at a time when modern technology is making ideas and knowledge available, faster
to more people than ever before.
According to the UNICEF report, there are a number of reasons for this high rate of illiteracy occurring mostly in the developing world, particularly in sub-Sahara Africa.
Many children cannot afford education because they work full time. Others have no school to attend, or the school may be located too far from home or lack books, supplies
and well-trained teachers.
National poverty is an additional reason. The world's poorest countries carry a debt burden of about 200 trillion naira, making it extremely difficult for them to invest in
education.
UNICEF has said that to achieve education for all children, the world must spend =N= 630 billion each year for the next 10 years.
Agitprop News.

Exploding the Myths about Ageing 2mins. 42secs. Older people will grab world headlines this year, from April 7, when the World Health
Day and the International Year of Older Persons is launched. The theme this year, 3
3 Page 4 5
"Active Ageing makes a difference," recognises that it is important for older people to go on playing important roles in society, uninhibited by the stigma associated with old age.
There are 580 million people over 60 years of age, and 355 million of them are in the developing world. By 2020 there will be over 1,000 million people over 60 years with
700 million in the third world.
In a publication to commemorate the World Health Day 99, Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director General of the World Health Organisation (WHO), said that the ageing of the
global population is one of the biggest challenges and great opportunities facing the world in the 21 st century.

"Older people are often viewed as a homogenous group from mainly industrialised countries, who no longer contribute to their families and societies, and may even be a
burden," she said. "The truth could not be more different. The majority of older people prove these notions wrong every day, and it is an example that inspired the WHO to
focus on ageing," Dr. Brundtland added.
WHO's strategy to raise awareness of the issue include establishment of a "Global Movement for Active Ageing" – a network of people interested in moving policies and
practices towards active ageing – and the "Global Embrace" programme, a series of walk events spanning the entire globe.

The walks start in New Zealand at the beginning of the day on October 2 nd . It will be staged at groups of cities at set times within the same time zones around the world.
Among the policy action points that WHO would promote during the year are balanced nutrition and health activities for girls and women, breastfeeding, immunisation
programmes and sanitary environments. There will be campaigns to ban advertising of certain products including milk powder for babies, tobacco and alcohol. Others include
legislation against gender and age discrimination, and increase in awareness education about health, nutrition, exercises in all spheres of social life.
WHO
Rhino Populations are on the Increase 52secs. The highly endangered Black and White rhinos now look certain to survive. New
estimates show that both species are slowly increasing in their closely guarded habitats in Southern Africa.

Poaching and civil strife in the region had caused the Black rhino population to crash from 65,000 animals in 1970 to about 2,000 in the mid-1990s. The number has now
increased to over 2,500. The White rhino population has also increased by about 1, 000 to 8,500.

According to WWF – worldwide Fund for Nature, the recovery of these rhino species shows that they can be conserved if adequate safeguards and conservation strategies are
implemented in the countries where rhinos still remain. 4
4 Page 5 6
WWF
Features
Danger: A World Water War Looming 3mins. 7secs. As the population of the earth races to its 6 billion people mark on October 12, 1999,
human survival faces an even greater danger. This is due to the rapidly diminishing quantity and quality of freshwater available for consumption globally. According to
Klaus Topher, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world is faced with an explosive international crisis.

"Major clashes over dwindling supplies of water may well constitute the source of future conflicts between nations," he said last month in a statement to commemorate the World
Water Day.
Although 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water, nearly all of it (97%) is salt water, and not useful for people's domestic needs, such as in cooking, drinking,
washing, and the industry. Less than 1 percent is fresh-water found in rivers, lakes, and groundwater that often straddle international boundaries. The rest is preserved as glaciers
and icecaps.
"With finite freshwater resources on the one hand, and an increasing demand on the other, the need to protect and manage water resources properly has never been greater,"
Topher said.
Freshwater resources are also becoming increasingly polluted. About 80 percent of all diseases and one third of all deaths in developing countries are caused by contaminated
water. It is estimated that 25 million people die each year from diseases caused by unsafe drinking water and lack of water for sanitation and hygiene. More than half is young
children.
Arid and semi-arid regions of the world would be the worse hit by the impending crisis. Coastal regions and mega-cities such as Lagos will also be badly affected.

To avert the crisis UNEP has proposed a new initiative, which would bring all stakeholders into a co-ordinated action to increase public understanding of the problem,
and agree on solutions.
Meanwhile UNEP has started an inventory of the state of freshwater resources. It would also identify the key problems involved and develop economic, legal and institutional
instruments for sustainable use.
Another UN agency, the World Water Council has established a World Commission on Water to develop a common global vision for the use of freshwater in the 21 st century. 5
5 Page 6 7
UNEP, in collaboration with TVE – Television Trust for the Environment, has produced films and publications as tools to raise awareness of the problems. One of the films,
Everybody Lives Downstream, is available for dubbing at the offices of Communicating for Change, 5A, Adeyemo Alakija Street, Victoria Island, Lagos.
UNEP
Israeli Beekeepers Urge Nigerians to Keep Bees. 3mins. 6secs. Two Israelis drove from Yankari in Bauchi State to Abuja and were fascinated by the
wide expanse of bushes and trees that they saw along the road. Looking wistfully at the landscape, one of them later recalled the feelings that he had.

"I saw millions of dollars sitting on top of trees. All we need are the bees to and bring them into our pockets," he said.
Ami Maimise got a pleasant burst of laughter from his audience last month, when he narrated this anecdote at a lecture organised by the Israeli Embassy and the Shalom Club.
The lecture was held at Commerce House on Lagos Island.
Ami Maimise and his co-lecturer David Gertel who were on a three-week lecture tour of Nigeria, are beekeepers. They believe that a beekeeper could make more money in
Nigeria than in Israel – or even anywhere else in the world.
"Nigeria is free from all known bee-keeping diseases in the world," David Gertel said, adding that, "Nigerian's can cash in on the global honey market now." He buttressed this
claim by pointing out that beekeeping is distressed by severe attacks of diseases nearly every where else in the world.

"A major disease attack reduced Israel's hives from 100,000 to 30,000 recently. An attack destroyed all hives in Britain some time ago, and is wreaking havoc in the U. S. A.,"
David said, adding that there have been major incidences also in Europe, Asia, East Africa and Australia.

Some of the diseases have become resistant to known drugs. This is alarming to the industry, David and Ami said.
To avoid diseases affecting the industry in Nigeria, they advised Nigerian beekeepers to avoid the importation of bees from outside the country, and to learn to harvest honey in
the wild without killing the bees.
Beekeeping is part of modern agriculture because several agricultural crops must have pollination to fruit. Insects are responsible for pollination. But David pointed out that
there are not enough insects to do so, because the use of insecticides to treat crops also kills the insects that help to pollinate them. Beekeepers in Israel sometimes truck their
bees to farms to help pollinate crops and make honey at the same time. 6
6 Page 7 8
Other benefits of beekeeping highlighted at the lecture include: nature conservation because beekeepers protect trees and plants their bees feed on; enriched diet from eating
honey; increased income and added value to social occasions where honey is served. Obasi Ogbonnaya

New Research Initiative against Malaria. 1min. 38secs. Nearly one million dollars has been invested in a new research to fight malaria and other
diseases in Africa. The investment was made by UK-based foundation, Wellcome Trust. The research will be conducted from the Queen Elizabeth Central Teaching Hospital, in
Blantyre, Malawi.
The research is focused on severe malaria cases in children, pregnant women and newborn babies, as well as in semi-immune adults. Work is also being done on
meningitis and HIV-positive Malawian adults, anaemia in pregnant women and viral diarrhoea in children.

The aim is to reduce sickness and deaths due to these diseases. According to Dr. Richard Lane, Programme Director for Tropical initiatives at Wellcome Trust, "the research
results have not only added to the growth of published research from developing countries, but also to the management of life threatening diseases." He also hoped that the
joint work with Malwians would help develop the skills of their scientists and clinicians.
Other partners in the research include the University of Liverpool, which designed the research centre, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the College of Medicine of
the University of Malawi. Wellcome's partnership with Malawi in medical research is over a decade old. It has made important contributions to the World Health Organisations
recommendation for the treatment of malaria. Newslink Africa

Commonwealth Helps Uganda Uplift Women. 2mins. 46secs. "Ugandan women have decided not to tolerate injustice any longer." So reads a recent
news report on gender issues in Uganda. And if the history of gender awareness and gender positioning in that country is anything to go by, the women are likely to have their
way.
The target of their grievance is the controversial issue of land ownership. If a man dies, his family immediately inherits his property, and his wife is left with nothing.

Already Female members of the Ugandan parliament have taken a firm stand against this custom and are supporting a Land Reform Bill currently before parliament. The Bill
stipulates that women should be given co-ownership over matrimonial property.
Women are represented at all levels of government and have established an array of vocal civic groups in Uganda. President Yoweri Kaguta Musoveni, appointed a female vice
president, Dr. Specioza Kazibwe, to demonstrate his supports for women's emancipation in his country. He is expected to support this latest drive for more equality for women in
the Uganda family. 7
7 Page 8 9
If the considerable power women appear to have in Uganda is a surprise in Africa, the explanation goes back to 1991 when Africa's first Department for Women and Gender
Studies was established at Kampala's Makarere University to run a Masters degree course in women studies. The department was established with aid from the
Commonwealth Fund for Technical Co-operation (CFTC).
The department currently has 33 students on the programme and plans to establish an undergraduate programme in October. However, most of the students are working
women and social activists who need to improve their activities. So, short-term evening classes have been established to train a wider community of people to develop awareness
of gender issues.
Experts funded by the Commonwealth to train the women are amazed by their achievements in such a short time.

"I'm being educated by everything that's happening here," Clare Bishop, a British agricultural economist said. Her colleague, Rosemarie McNairn added that "As far as
Uganda goes, gender issues and gender activism are far more advanced here than in some industrialised countries. Uganda is one of the most fascinating places to be for gender
issues." Newslink Africa.

Useful Quickfacts
Free Money from Mother Nature 18secs. Did you know that Israeli farmers earn over =N= 900,000,000 annually just by keeping

bees? And you don't even need land or water to keep bees! The first farmers association in Israel, formed more than 60 years ago, was actually a bee-keeping organisation.
Obasi Ogbonnaya.

The Sting of Life. 56secs. Would you like to get stung by a bee? You probably wouldn't. But we believe that you'd
change your mind after this fact. Beekeepers believe that bee venom actually prolongs human life. Although this notion may come as surprise to you, it has actually translated
into big business elsewhere. So, to live a little longer, a bee can sting you. We are not sure whether a few more stings will translate into a few more extra years added.

You may say that not everyone can afford to be stung, and that people have been stung to death in the past. Yes. However, for about =N= 1,000,000 you could by one gram of bee
venom and … live it up! Obasi Ogbonnaya

1900s: The Century of Galloping Consumption. 19secs. The 1900s would be remembered as the age of phenomenal growth in the consumption of
the earth's finite resources. Statistics show that the global economy grew 20-fold, fossil 8
8 Page 9 10
fuel consumption 30-fold, industrial activity grew 50-fold, and the human population more than tripled.
UNEP.
Freshwater Pollution. 21secs. The Great Lakes basin is the world's largest freshwater ecosystem. And to keep it so, as
well as maintain a navigable depth of water for ships, about four million cubic meters of sediments are dredged from them. Over half of the sediments constitute hazardous
wastes. UNEP

An Ageless Problem. 15secs. The desire to meet demand for water to drink, cook and produce goods appears to have
always demanded ingenuity. In 3,000BC Pharoah Menes of Egypt dammed River Nile and diverted its course.
UN
Everybody Lives Downstream 11secs. Nearly 40 percent of the world's five billion people lives alongside international rivers,

and depend on international agreements to ensure their water supply. UN

"Population Ageing." 32secs. More people in the world are living to reach old age while fewer children are being born.
This tendency which is known as population ageing seems to be the trend for the future. It has been noticed in countries in Europe, North and South America and Asia where
fertility rates (that is the total number of children a woman is expected to have) have decreased from about 6 to 2.
WHO
Malnutrition. 7secs. About 900 million people worldwide went to bed daily, without a balanced diet in the

1990s WHO

Alcohol Abuse. 15secs. According to the report on "The Global Burden of Disease" released in 1996, alcohol is
the leading cause of male disability in industrialised countries, and fourth largest cause in men in developing countries.
WHO

Children's Section
The Gardeners of the Ant World. 2mins. 48secs. What do you think ants eat? Your left over food, dead insects, animals or even wood. But

did you know that some ants actually grow their own food? 9
9 Page 10 11
The leafcutter ants of Central and South America grow the fungi they eat. They work just like farmers, using their powerful saw-toothed jaws to cut fresh leaves from plants for
growing fungi.
The leafcutter ant is not the only ant that grows fungi. But it is the only one that exploits living plants to grow its food. Others fungus-growing ants cultivate their fungi with dead
organic matter such as insect corpses or withered plants.
How do they do it? Like other ants, the leafcutters have their own 'caste' system. The largest workers are the foragers who find the leaves and saw through them using their
vibrating mandibles. The sound of the sawing attracts other ants to the site to finish off the job. The crescent-shaped bits of leaf are then carried back to a special growing
chamber in the underground nest.
Then ants belonging to another 'caste' chew the bits into pulp and add some enzyme-rich feacal fluid as fertiliser. This is the soil in which a small amount of fungus from older
chambers is planted. As the fungus grows, spreading like frost over the soil, yet other ants clean and weed the garden. Finally the 'crops' are harvested for all the family to eat.

Interestingly, the leafcutter is a wise farmer. Although about 15 percent of all South America rainforest leaf production is removed by leafcutter ants, they seldom strip a tree
bare. As fungi are grown, fungicidal chemicals are also produced. And to avoid getting too much of any type of fungicidal chemicals (which may stop the growth of fungus in
their garden) the ants constantly use a variety of leaves from different plants for their gardening.

They are also environment friendly farmers. In the process of building huge underground nests up to five metres deep and over 10 metre in diameter, leafcutter ants turn over and
aerate large quantities of earth, creating better soil for plants and trees to grow. But people treat these ants as crop pests and kill them with insecticides.
WWF

How Hare Made Life Safer For Animals 3mins. 23secs. Once upon a time, Lion had a gentle voice, not very loud at all, and so he was able to
catch and eat the other animals without much trouble. This, of course, greatly worried the other animals, since they never knew when Lion was on the hunt. They decided to hold a
meeting to find a way of somehow making Lion less dangerous.
They talked for a long time, but none of them could think of anything. Hare, always the imaginative one, then had a bright idea.

"I know a way that would make Lion's voice like the terrible thunder of a summer's storm," he said, "and then we would always know when he was coming." The other
animals all agreed that it was a marvellous idea. But how was Hare going to manage such a thing? Hare just winked and set out on his difficult task. 10
10 Page 11 12
Eventually, Hare found Lion resting beneath a shady umbrella tree, and approaching him carefully, saying, "O great one, I am truly most unhappy to bring you bad news, but your
brother is very ill and requests to see you at once." Lion was dreadfully upset to hear this news, and told Hare to lead him to his brother as fast as possible.

Hare then took Lion for miles and miles around the Bush and after several hours Lion (who, after all, had been disturbed during his morning sleep) was so weary he could go
no further. He lay down in a shady spot and slept.
Now, with the help of a honey guide bird, the crafty Hare found a nest of wild bees in a tree not too far away. After following the required custom of leaving a good piece of
honey comb as a "thank you" for the little bird, Hare took some of the honey and dribbled it all over the paws and head of the sleeping lion. Hare then ran off to some thick bushes
nearby and hid.
When the bees returned home and saw that someone had raided their hive, they were terribly angry. They soon found Lion sleeping nearby, with honey all over his paws and
face. In a raging swarm, the bees attacked him, and Lion was stung so many times and was in such pain that his soft cries soon swelled to a thunderous roar that could be heard
for miles around!
That is the story of how Lion's voice changed forever. The animals were very grateful to Hare because, from then on, they could hear Lion's roar from a long way away, and be
warned that the king of beasts was on the hunt. When Hippo was Hairy

Do You Know Any Plant That Feeds on Living Things? 2mins. 14secs. We do. There are plants that feed on insects, reptiles and birds. They are called
'carnivorous plants. ' Their flowers are very large and bright and sticky or slippery.
An example of a carnivorous plant is the Venus Flytrap. It is an insect eater. It has three little hairs growing on the top of the 'trap. ' When an insect touches one of them the trap
closes and shuts it inside, like a cage. Then the plant digests it with special juices. Many types of plants that eat insects are found in marshy places in the rain forests of South
America.
You may be sad to know that Venus Flytraps are endangered plants, and may disappear completely soon. This is because they are exported from their natural habitats to other
countries where people buy them to keep as 'pets. ' Many of them die because they are in a strange environment. Others die from over feeding because people like to watch their
traps working.
There is another plant in this category. This one is called the pitcher plant because that is what its flowers look like. A 'Pitcher' is a large cup used for fetching water. The plants
are found mostly in Asia, where some are so large that they can trap mice, frogs and even small birds. 11
11 Page 12 13
The plant attracts its prey by making rich nectar around the opening of the pitcher-like flower. When the prey lands to suck the nectar, it becomes stuck. As it struggles, it falls
to the bottom of the pitcher and drowns in the plant's digestive juice.
Scientists tell us that carnivorous plants grow in places where the soil is not very good. The living things they catch provide them with minerals that are missing from the soil.
Chongololo

Special Features
Historical Quotations on Conservation and Development…
…ON
DEVELOPMENT

The Code of Hammurabi. 26secs. "If anyone be too lazy to keep his dam in proper condition, and does not keep it so; if
then the dam breaks and all the fields are flooded, then shall he in whose dam the break occurred be sold for money and the money shall replace the corn which he has caused to
be ruined." UN/ Sumerian and Babylonian water law (1750BC)

…ON CONSERVATION
Albert Einstein. 15mins. "Concern for man himself and his fate must always form the chief interest of all

technical endeavours in order that the creation of our minds shall be a blessing and not a curse."
WWF
Anonymous. 6secs. "Conservation is intelligent co-operation with nature."
WWF

Charles Lindbergh (1968) 6secs. "I don't think there is anything more important than conservation, with the exception of
human survival, and the two are so closely interlaced that it is hard to separate one from the other."
WWF
Malagasy Proverb. 3secs. "An empty stomach has no ears."
WWF

Mencius (372-289BC) 49secs. "The Bull Mountain was covered by lovely trees. But it is near the capital of a great state.
People came with their axes and choppers; they cut the woods down, and the mountain has lost its beauty. Yet even so, the day air and night air came to it, rain and dew 12
12 Page 13 14
moistened it till here and there fresh sprouts began to grow. But soon the cattle and the sheep came along and browsed on them, and in the end the mountain became gaunt and
bare as it is now. And seeing it thus gaunt and bare, people imagined that it was wood-less from the start."
WWF

Women's Issues
Quotations from "Nigerian Women on the Move"…
…EMPOWERING WOMEN FOR PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC LIFE.

Support for a Female Councillor 42secs. "A woman councillor of Abi local government area did not belong to the party that
produced the chairperson and majority of the executive council office holders. They put her aside and did not give her a position that would expose her and give her more
challenges. They sent a word to the Voice of Women and we took up the matter. She was taken to the tribunal. We were there, and based on our efforts, the matter was struck off.
She is now allowed to work freely in the Abi council." Anne Oden – VOW & NCWRA

Self-interest, Not Gender, Matters 13secs. "If I put a woman in the government house, it is only because I feel that the woman can
correct certain problems that might affect me and my family." Halima Isa, United Women's Association

…ON DEMOCRACY AND GOVERNANCE
The Grain Seller's Choice for President 15secs. "I won't mind a woman president because I have seen men handle the affairs of the

country, but I have not seen any positive change. Maybe a woman can do it better." Mariam Sule, grain seller, United Women's Association

A Vote for Democracy in the Home 54secs. "Democracy and governance start from the home. In Nigeria, they do not like a wife to
have female children. After the third female child in succession, the man may not go to the hospital to see his wife if she delivers another female child. In fact he may go and
find another wife.
"We now let the men know that girls can take care of their families more than men. For instance, in Nigeria, if a man marries and his mother falls ill it is his sisters (whether
married or not) who will care for her. Women are even more useful than men are. There is nothing that a man can do that a woman cannot do."
V. A. Bedu, Co-ordinator Community Women and Development 13
13 Page 14
Acronyms
CTFC: Commonwealth Fund for Technical Co-operation
TVE: Television Trust for the Environment
UN: United Nations
UNEP: United Nations Environmental Programme
WHO: World Health Organisation
WWF: World Wide Fund for Nature. 14

Page Navigation Panel

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14

 

© 2002 Communicating for Change. All Rights Reserved
Developed by George Mbuagbaw